Total absolute difference edge irregularity strength of some families of graphs

A total labeling ξ is defined to be an edge irregular total absolute difference k-labeling of the graph G if for every two different edges e and f of G there is wt(e) ≠ wt(f) where weight of an edge e = xy is defined as wt(e) = |ξ(e) − ξ(x) − ξ(y)|. The minimum k for which the graph G has an edge irregular total absolute difference labeling is called the total absolute difference edge irregularity strength of the graph G, tades(G). In this paper, we determine the total absolute difference edge irregularity strength of the precise values for some families of graphs.Publisher's Versio

Cyanoacetic acid tethered thiophene for well-matched LUMO level in Ru(II)-terpyridine dye sensitized solar cells

We synthesized two new terpyridine based Ru sensitizers (SY-01 and SY-02) with the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels of these two dyes are well-matched with that of the black dye (N749). Both sensitizers capable of exhibiting metal-to-ligand charge transfer band show a higher molar extinction coefficients (epsilon similar to 5.0-6.8 x 10(3) M-1 cm(-1)) than that (4.2 x 10(3) M-1 cm(-1)) of N749 because of the enhanced absorption arising from thiophene moiety. Density functional theory calculations reveal that LUMOs of SY-01 and SY-02 are distributed over the terpyridine and thienyl moieties. The excited state oxidation potentials, E-ox(o)*, obtained by the electrochemical studies, range from -0.98 to -0.96 V, are sufficiently more negative than the conduction band edge of the TiO2 electrode (ca. -0.5 V). The increased conjugation conferred to SY-01 and SY-02 dyes through Tu-expansion by thiophene moiety increases light-harvesting and energy conversion efficiency in comparison with N749.close